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Well, legend has it that the cocoa tree was taken from a sacred mountain by the feathered-serpent deity Quetzalcoatl. Quetzalcatl, Mayan name Kukulcn, (from Nahuatl quetzalli, tail feather of the quetzal bird [Pharomachrus mocinno], and coatl, snake), the Feathered Serpent, one of the major deities of the ancient Mexican pantheon. He was also occasionally used as a symbol of death and resurrection. The ruler Topiltzin-Quetzalcoatl (also known as One-Reed) was famous for his wise rule. In some incredible escapades, they created the earth, sea and night sky and were regents of the first two suns, or world eras of the existing five. Quetzelcoatl also appeared on (Season 3) of the Animal Planet mockumentary Lost Tapes in an episode entitled "Q the Serpent God". To both Teotihuacan and Maya cultures, Venus was in turn also symbolically connected with warfare.[21]. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. The subsequent Toltec culture (9th through 12th centuries), centred at the city of Tula, emphasized war and human sacrifice linked with the worship of heavenly bodies. Being sacrificed on the leaning smoking mirror . He was a creator deity having contributed essentially to the creation of mankind. Simmer 20 minutes, until potato is tender. (Many academics conclude this passage implies incest.) Accessed June 29, 2019.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quetzalcoatl. Mark Cartwright, Quetzalcoatl,Ancient History Encyclopedia, last modified August 01, 2013,https://www.ancient.eu/Quetzalcoatl/(accessed June 29, 2019). It is also suggested that he was a son of Xochiquetzal and Mixcoatl. [5]During this time, it was conceivable that Quetzalcoatl could defeat his brother once more and regain power. related to the belief in a sky-, Venus-, creator-, war- and fertility-related serpent deity. Corrections? Other gods had already attempted to retrieve the maize by moving the mountains, but their efforts had all been unsuccessful. Quetzalcoatl managed to complete this challenge through clever trickery. Copyright: imagesofanthropology.com(Click on image to enlarge), Pic 3: The legendary priest, Ce Acatl Topilltzin Quetzalcoatl in a blood-letting ceremony. Eventually Quetzalcoatl was transformed into one of the gods of the creation (Ipalnemohuani). [30], He is also attributed with having brought the cacao plant from a sacred mountain to the Toltec people, teaching the women how to make traditional drinking chocolate.[31]. He accompanies the sun across the sky during the day. In an example from Yaxchilan, the Vision Serpent has the human face of the young maize-god, further suggesting a connection to fertility and vegetational renewal; the Maya Young Maize god was also connected to Venus. Tlahuizcalpantecuhtli was considered patron of this calendar (Ylotl Gonzlez-Torres,1991). He proceeded to turn himself into a black ant and followed the other ants over the mountains. With his companion Xolotl, a dog-headed god, he was said to have descended to the underground hell of Mictlan to gather the bones of the ancient dead. Physical offerings include copal incense, feathers, Mexican chocolate, and shells. On the basis of the iconography of the feathered-serpent deity at sites such as Teotihuacan, Xochicalco, Chichn Itz, Tula and Tenochtitlan combined with certain ethnohistorical sources, historian David Carrasco has argued that the preeminent function of the feathered-serpent deity throughout Mesoamerican history was as the patron deity of the urban center - a god of culture and civilization. Offerings of flowers and libations were given to Xochiquetzal. Historians debate to what degree, or whether at all, these narratives about this legendary Toltec ruler describe historical events. [citation needed] Additionally, at least one major cache of offerings includes knives and idols adorned with the symbols of more than one god, some of which were adorned with wind jewels. Phillips, Henry Jr. Notes upon the Codex Ramirez, with a Translation of the Same.Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society21, no. [25] Quetzalcoatl was often considered the god of the morning star, and his twin brother Xolotl was the evening star (Venus). Tonalamatl), and displayed the portents of the 260 day lunar calendar known as the Tonalpoualli (Counting of the Days). As the god of learning, of writing, and of books, Quetzalcatl was particularly venerated in the calmecac, religious colleges annexed to the temples, in which the future priests and the sons of the nobility were educated. Representations of a feathered snake occur as early as the Teotihuacn civilization (3rd to 8th century CE) on the central plateau. These items have all been unearthed since 2003 when researchers first discovered the tunnel beneath the Pyramid of the Feathered/Plumed Serpent in Teotihuacan, Mexico. many, he became a god. Quetzalcoatl.Wikipedia. To save children born during the worst phase of 1 Reed, the Aztecs held childrens naming ceremonies on or after the 7th day of the week (7 Rain) as the following days were more auspicious. Quetzalcoatl became a representation of the rain, the celestial water and their associated winds, while Tlaloc would be the god of earthly water, the water in lakes, caverns and rivers, and also of vegetation. The myth reports that during the 5th Sun, Quetzalcoatl spotted a red ant carrying a maize kernel.He followed the ant and reached the place where maize grew, the "Mountain of Sustenance", or Tonacatepetl (Ton-ah-cah-TEP-eh-tel) in Nahua. Used for divination, these documents were called Tonalamame (sing. [22], To the Aztecs, Quetzalcoatl was, as his name indicates, a feathered serpent. The true beneficiaries of these offerings were Catholic priests, who grew wealthy and . Quetzalcoatl is not a religious symbol in the Latter-day Saint faith, and is not taught as such, nor is it in their doctrine that Quetzalcoatl is Jesus. Over the South presides the Blue Tezcatlipoca, Huitzilopochtli, the god of war. Quetzalcoatl.Ancient History Encyclopedia. Quezovercoatl was described as being half man, half chicken, half jaguar, half serpent, half scorpion, and half mad for a total of three homicidal maniacs.[13]. He ground the bones and mixed them with his blood, creating the first humans of the 5th (and current) sun. Quetzalcoatl as depicted in the 16th-century Codex Borbonicus. I had a few curious questions to ask the forum. In the Maya area he was approximately equivalent to Kukulkan and Gukumatz, names that also roughly translate as "feathered serpent" in different Mayan languages. [45][46] The deity has been featured as a character in the manga and anime series Yu-Gi-Oh! The return of Topiltzin-Quetzalcoatl, who had departed to the east by sea, certainly seemed like a possibility to the Aztec nobility as they considered the arrival of these seafaring newcomers. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Dated to around 900 BC, it depicts a serpent rising up behind a person probably engaged in a shamanic ritual. In Aztec culture, depictions of Quetzalcoatl were fully anthropomorphic. And what I want to do is find things that would represent a unique contribution to the world - the contribution that only I, and my portfolio of talents, can make happen. Some versions held that Quetzalcoatl cremated himself; others stated that he spent eight days in the underworld before reemerging as Venus or the morning star. However, Quetzalcoatl had another invocation that would help Venus through the underworld as the Evening Star: Xolotl, the dog (pic 10). However, this legend likely has a foundation in events that took place immediately prior to the arrival of the Spaniards. Ce Acatl Topiltzin Quetzalcoatl, the Priest, Quetzalcoatl-Tlahuizcalpantecuhtli, the Morning Star. The pressure of the northern immigrants brought about a social and religious revolution, with a military ruling class seizing power from the priests. She has heterochromia, where one iris has a different coloration from the other. Evidence for cacao drinks go back to 1600 BCE! Quetzalcoatl would permit no human offerings in his name. I have a personal philosophy in life: If somebody else can do something that I'm doing, they should do it. This talisman was a conch shell cut at the cross-section and was likely worn as a necklace by religious rulers, as such objects have been discovered in burials in archaeological sites throughout Mesoamerica,[6] and potentially symbolized patterns witnessed in hurricanes, dust devils, seashells, and whirlpools, which were elemental forces that had significance in Aztec mythology. Herz, May. Wikipedia contributors. stanley burrell marcy projects brooklyn Two other gods represented by the planet Venus are Tlaloc (ally and the god of rain) and Xolotl (psychopomp and its twin). #quetzalcoatl #topiltzin #texcatlipoca #toltecs #toltechitory # . In the Codex's description of the first meeting between Moctezuma and Corts, the Aztec ruler is described as giving a prepared speech in classical oratorial Nahuatl, a speech which, as described in the codex written by the Franciscan Bernardino de Sahagn and his Tlatelolcan informants, included such prostrate declarations of divine or near-divine admiration as: You have graciously come on earth, you have graciously approached your water, your high place of Mexico, you have come down to your mat, your throne, which I have briefly kept for you, I who used to keep it for you. Fang and Feather: The origin of avian-serpent imagery at Teotihuacan and symbolic interaction with jaguar iconography in Mesoamerica.Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research, 7 (2017): 1826. You may consider reciting a poem or singing a song about your friend, or playing some flute music. Guess how many feathers went into making this shield? He never offered human victims, only snakes, birds, and butterflies. [7] Animals thought to represent Quetzalcoatl include resplendent quetzals, rattlesnakes (coatl meaning "serpent" in Nahuatl), crows, and macaws. He never offered human victims, only snakes, birds, and butterflies. No circulation issues were produced in 1983. By the time the Spanish arrived in the New World, Quetzalcoatl was regarded as the god of wind, patron of priests, and inventor of calendars and books. quetzalcoatl offerings. Codex Magliabechiano, fol. On a lone voyage, he went to find the bones of the dead in the underworld, known as Mictlan. Quetzalcatl ruled over the days that bore the name ehcatl (wind) and over the 18th 13-day series of the ritual calendar.