from 1962 to 1969 and again from 1974 to 1982. [139], Psychologists Leon Joseph Saul and Silas L. Warner, in their book The Psychotic Personality (1982), came to the conclusion that Eddy had diagnostic characteristics of Psychotic Personality Disorder (PPD). 1958). This brief color-illustrated book for children was the first effort to tell Mary Baker Eddys life story in picture book form. An award-winning journalist and educator, Parsons published many books and articles on educational reform. As biographer Gillian Gill noted: With regard to both the Milmine and Wilbur biographies, I strongly recommend that any scholar interested in Mrs. Eddy consult the original magazine series. (1943, 1950, 1953, 1972, 1979, 2011, 2013), A former Universalist minister, Reverend Tomlinson had an interest in Christian Science that led him to become a member of The Mother Church in the 1890s and to hold a number of key positions. 1952). This position focuses on verifying transcriptions and transcribing correspondence and can be performed remotely. [147], In 1945 Bertrand Russell wrote that Pythagoras may be described as "a combination of Einstein and Mrs. These help show how Mary Baker Eddy and her followers engaged with the world around them. A Christian Scientist, she also worked as a consultant for several governmental and non-governmental organizations. [a] Later, Quimby became the "single most controversial issue" of Eddy's life according to biographer Gillian Gill, who stated: "Rivals and enemies of Christian Science found in the dead and long forgotten Quimby their most important weapon against the new and increasingly influential religious movement", as Eddy was "accused of stealing Quimby's philosophy of healing, failing to acknowledge him as the spiritual father of Christian Science, and plagiarizing his unpublished work. On publication two years later, it received praise from some scholars and members of the press, although it was a commercial failure. 4.67 avg rating 66 ratings published 1988 33 editions. I had no training for self-support, and my home I regarded as very precious. Eddy separated from her second husband Daniel Patterson, after which she boarded for four years with several families in Lynn, Amesbury, and elsewhere. by Ernest Sutherland Bates (18791939) and John V. Dittemore (18761937). The latter include claims that Eddy walked on water and disappeared from one room, reappearing in another. We Knew Mary Baker Eddy was originally published as a series of four short books in 1943, 1950, 1953, and 1972. Sanbornton Bridge would subsequently be renamed in 1869 as Tilton. According to Sibyl Wilbur, Eddy attempted to show Crosby the folly of it by pretending to channel Eddy's dead brother Albert and writing letters which she attributed to him. [107] During the Next Friends suit, it was used to charge Eddy with incompetence and "general insanity". But it suffers from reliance on the factual inaccuracies of books by Georgine Milmine and Edwin Dakin. "[49] However, Gill continued: "I am now firmly convinced, having weighed all the evidence I could find in published and archival sources, that Mrs. Eddys most famous biographer-criticsPeabody, Milmine, Dakin, Bates and Dittemore, and Gardnerhave flouted the evidence and shown willful bias in accusing Mrs. Eddy of owing her theory of healing to Quimby and of plagiarizing his unpublished work. Mary Baker Eddy to Benjamin F. Butler, August 17, 1861, L02683. [98] In 1908, at the age of 87, she founded The Christian Science Monitor, a daily newspaper. It also stands in contrast to the authors 1907 work Christian Science: The Faith and Its Founder, which presented a far more negative view of Christian Science and Mary Baker Eddy. Page 315 and 316: MARY BAKER EDDY: HER SPmnu&L FOOTST. [67], Between 1866 and 1870, Eddy boarded at the home of Brene Paine Clark who was interested in Spiritualism. Nevertheless, he wrote to Lieutenant General Winfield Scott in defense of not returning the three men to their Confederate masters. "[122] Christian Scientists use it as a specific term for a hypnotic belief in a power apart from God. Eddy was the youngest of the Bakers' six children: boys Samuel Dow (1808), Albert (1810), and George Sullivan (1812), followed by girls Abigail Barnard (1816), Martha Smith (1819), and Mary Morse (1821). Rate this book. [124][third-party source needed], There is controversy about how much Eddy used morphine. It was donated to the Library in 2003 and accessioned into our Art & Artifact Collection. Bancroft studied with Mary Baker Eddy in 1870. This was the first biography of Eddy to make use of research conducted at The Mary Baker Eddy Library. He persisted in arguing that the Fugitive-Slave Act could not be appealed to in this instance, because the fugitive-slave act did not affect a foreign country which Virginia claimed to be.4. [132] In 1907 Arthur Brisbane interviewed Eddy. Mary Baker Eddy ( ne Baker; July 16, 1821 - December 3, 1910) was an American religious leader and author who founded The Church of Christ, Scientist, in New England in 1879. Therefore if their new owners renounced claims to ownership, the former slaves should be free. [21], My mother, as she bathed my burning temples, bade me lean on God's love, which would give me rest if I went to Him in prayer, as I was wont to do, seeking His guidance. A review in The Christian Science Monitor (April 10, 1952) commented favorably on dHumys thesis, that Eddys achievements were motivated by her love for humanity. "[121], The belief in malicious animal magnetism "remains a part of the doctrine of Christian Science. Why is this Film Mark Twain and Mary Baker Eddy important. Kimball. Is not every constitutional, legal and moral requirement, as well to the runaway master as their relinquished slaves thus answered?7. A large gathering of people outside Mary Baker Eddy's Pleasant View home, July 8, 1901. [131] She found she could read fine print with ease. Today, the religion she founded has more than 1,700 churches and branches in 80 countries. According to the Flesh marked the third biography of Eddy published within a single year, and the delay in publication proved fatal to its commercial success and legacy. The question became more difficult in the case of those escaping from masters loyal to the US government; Butler was instructed to keep detailed records, with names and descriptions of the former slaves and their masters. The only rest day was the Sabbath.[12]. This was the first commercially published and widely distributed history of the Christian Science movement. In 1914 she prepared a biographical sketch of Mary Baker Eddy that was published in the womens edition of New Hampshires, , under the title Mary Baker Eddy A Daughter of the Granite State: The Worlds Greatest Woman. It was reprinted in two parts in the German edition of. Ten days later, Fred W. Baker (a cousin) and Eddys adopted son, Ebenezer Foster-Eddy, joined the suit, though Fred Baker withdrew two months later. A journalist and author, Beasley had written several biographies and histories before this book. The book stands alongside the biographies of Georgine Milmine (1907) and Edwin Dakin (1929) as a deeply critical portrayal of Mary Baker Eddy. She writes in a laudatory tone, producing a piece of prose that testifies to its beginnings as a newspaper article. She quarrelled successively with all her hostesses, and her departure from the house was heralded on two or three occasions by a violent scene. Prose Works Other Than Science And Health With Key To The Scriptures. [149][150][151], In 1921, on the 100th anniversary of Eddy's birth, a 100-ton (in rough) and 6070 tons (hewn) pyramid with a 121 square foot (11.2m2) footprint was dedicated on the site of her birthplace in Bow, New Hampshire. After 20 years of affiliation, Grekel withdrew her church membership in 1965 and began publishing a newsletter, The Independent Christian Scientist. While it does not include new information, the book seeks to place Mary Baker Eddy and her achievements in a broader comparative perspective than some earlier treatments. This book was published posthumously by The Christian Science Publishing Society in 1945, with an amplified edition issued in 1994. Ernest Sutherland Bates and John V. Dittemore wrote in 1932, relying on the Cather and Milmine history of Eddy (but see below), that Baker sought to break Eddy's will with harsh punishment, although her mother often intervened; in contrast to Mark Baker, Eddy's mother was described as devout, quiet, light-hearted, and kind. In addition to interviewing Christian Scientists, he drew on previously published books, including William Lyman Johnsons The History of Christian Science Movement (1926) and Clifford P. Smiths Historical Sketches from the Life of Mary Baker Eddy and the History of Christian Science (1941). [9] . This chronology provides information on authors, publishers, and the variety of approaches to her story. [30] Baker apparently made clear to Eddy that her son would not be welcome in the new marital home. "[64] However, Martin Gardner has argued against this, stating that Eddy was working as a spiritualist medium and was convinced by the messages. At ten years of age I was as familiar with Lindley Murray's Grammar as with the Westminster Catechism; and the latter I had to repeat every Sunday. by Yvonne Cach von Fettweis (19352014) and Robert Townsend Warneck (b. Silberger, a psychiatrist, used original documentation from Robert Peels trilogy. As a result the book offered no new information or insight into Mary Baker Eddys life, its only unique element being the authors satirical commentary on Eddy and the Christian Science movement. Mary Baker Eddy (1821-1910) was an influential American author, teacher, and religious leader, noted for her groundbreaking ideas about spirituality and health, which she named Christian Science. We never met again until he had reached the age of thirty-four, had a wife and two children, and by a strange providence had learned that his mother still lived, and came to see me in Massachusetts. The extensive use of original materials is not surprising, as its authors were employees of The Mother Churchs archives and spent two years gathering the accounts. Beginning in 1978 Thomas made regular trips to The Mother Churchs archives over the course of a decade, working closely with the staff, as well as historian Robert Peel. A journalist and former Mother Church member, Studdert Kennedy attempted a favorable biography of Mary Baker Eddy. The nascent intellectual in Mary rebelled against the concept of . Other writers, such as Jyotirmayananda Saraswati, have said that Eddy may have been influenced by Hindu philosophy. Every means within my power was employed to find him, but without success. Phineas Quimby died on January 16, 1866, shortly after Eddy's father. Mary Baker Eddy founded a popular religious movement during the 19th century, Christian Science. He also addressed the mythmaking tendencies of some of Eddys followers. Its basis being a belief and this belief animal, in Science animal magnetism, mesmerism, or hypnotism is a mere negation, possessing neither intelligence, power, nor reality, and in sense it is an unreal concept of the so-called mortal mind. Some of his manuscripts, in his own hand, appear in a collection of his writings in the Library of Congress, but far more common was that the original Quimby drafts were edited and rewritten by his copyists. [59], After she became well known, reports surfaced that Eddy was a medium in Boston at one time. An academic and author, Bates taught at several colleges. Although he prepared the manuscript in 1924, his wife, Lillian S. Dickey, published the book posthumously in 1927. [118] Gill writes that Eddy got the term from the New Testament account of the garden of Gethsemane, where Jesus chastises his disciples for being unable to "watch" even for a short time; and that Eddy used it to refer to "a particularly vigilant and active form of prayer, a set period of time when specific people would put their thoughts toward God, review questions and problems of the day, and seek spiritual understanding. MARY BAKER EDDY: HER SPIRH'uAL FOOT. This pamphlet was Mary Baker Eddys first extended effort to answer questions about her life and the history of the Christian Science movement. [103][104] "Malicious animal magnetism", sometimes abbreviated as M.A.M., is what Catherine Albanese called "a Calvinist devil lurking beneath the metaphysical surface". In 1895 she ordained the Bible and Science and Health as the pastor. His book records firsthand knowledge of how important church activities developed, including the Christian Science Board of Lectureship and Committee on Publication, as well as The Christian Science Monitor. [1] The library is located on the Christian Science Center, Massachusetts Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts, and housed in a portion of the 11-story structure originally built for the Christian Science . Non-profit Web Development by Boxcar Studio | Translation support by WPML.org the Wordpress multilingual plugin, From the Papers: Mary Baker Eddys convictions on slavery, This website uses cookies to improve functionality and performance. [114] Daniel Spofford was another Christian Scientist expelled by Eddy after she accused him of practicing malicious animal magnetism. The Christian Science doctrine has naturally been given a Christian framework, but the echoes of Vedanta in its literature are often striking.[86]. [82][third-party source needed]. The transcriptions were heavily edited by those copyists to make them more readable. [32] Quimby replied that he had too much work in Portland, Maine, and that he could not visit her, but if Patterson brought his wife to him he would treat her. Mary Baker Eddy (ne Baker; July 16, 1821 December 3, 1910) was an American religious leader and author who founded The Church of Christ, Scientist, in New England in 1879. [36][37] She improved considerably, and publicly declared that she had been able to walk up 182 steps to the dome of city hall after a week of treatment. This is an excerpt from the Longyear documentary \"The House on Broad Street,\" where we learn about Mary Baker Eddy's time in Lynn, MA. [80] In 1881, Mary Baker Eddy started the Massachusetts Metaphysical College with a charter from the state which allowed her to grant degrees. Ramsay drew her biographical material from Eddys Retrospection and Introspection (1891) and Sybil Wilburs The Life of Mary Baker Eddy (1907). Eddys letter to Butler sheds light on her anti-slavery convictions and on her willingness to advocate for them. As this is exposed and rejected, she maintained, the reality of God becomes so vivid that the magnetic pull of evil is broken, its grip on ones mentality is broken, and one is freer to understand that there can be no actual mind or power apart from God. With increased focus on mental health in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, we wondered how Mary Baker Eddy dealt with challenges to her own, and others', emotional, psychological, and . Want to Read. His access to the archives of The Mother Church enabled him to cite many previously unknown and unpublished documents. [63] In regard to the deception, biographer Hugh Evelyn Wortham commented that "Mrs. Eddy's followers explain it all as a pleasantry on her part to cure Mrs. Crosby of her credulous belief in spiritualism. Thus there is no documentary proof that Quimby ever committed to paper the vast majority of the texts ascribed to him, no proof that he produced any text that someone else could, even in the loosest sense, 'copy. [39], Despite the temporary nature of the "cure", she attached religious significance to it, which Quimby did not. Johnston was a Christian Science practitioner and teacher, the daughter of a student of Mary Baker Eddy. [99] She also founded the Christian Science Journal in 1883,[100] a monthly magazine aimed at the church's members and, in 1898,[101] the Christian Science Sentinel, a weekly religious periodical written for a more general audience, and the Herald of Christian Science, a religious magazine with editions in many languages. She wrote numerous books and articles, the most notable of which was Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures, which had sold over nine million copies as of 2001.[3]. It remains one of the least-known critical biographies of Eddy. Eddy was with him in Wilmington, six months pregnant. By the 1870s she was telling her students, "Some day I will have a church of my own. According to Brisbane, at the age of eighty six, she read the ordinary magazine type without glasses. Since that time, attitudes have changed, and excerpts from Dickeys book were included in We Knew Mary Baker Eddy, Expanded Edition, Volume II (2013). [65], In one of her spiritualist trances to Crosby, Eddy gave a message that was supportive of Phineas Parkhurst Quimby, stating "P. Quimby of Portland has the spiritual truth of diseases. Mary Baker Eddy was no ordinary woman. During these years she carried about with her a copy of one of Quimby's manuscripts giving an abstract of his philosophy. A former Director of The First Church of Christ, Scientist, Dittemore financed the publication of this book over a decade after he was removed from that office. [136] Physician Allan McLane Hamilton told The New York Times that the attacks on Eddy were the result of "a spirit of religious persecution that has at last quite overreached itself", and that "there seems to be a manifest injustice in taxing so excellent and capable an old lady as Mrs. Eddy with any form of insanity. Without my knowledge a guardian was appointed him, and I was then informed that my son was lost. At the same time, the access Bates had to original materials Dittemore had stolen when he left officetogether with an avoidance of some excesses evident in those two earlier biographiesdistinguish it. 1937), illustrated by Christa Kieffer. Publishers Coward-McCann had intended to issue this book in 1929. "[118] Critics such as Georgine Milmine in Mclure's, Edwin Dakin, and John Dittemore, all claimed this was evidence that Eddy had a great fear of malicious animal magnetism; although Gilbert Carpenter, one of Eddy's staff at the time, insisted she was not fearful of it, and that she was simply being vigilant. Director Val Kilmer Writer Val Kilmer Star Val Kilmer See production, box office & company info In Development Add to Watchlist Added by 1.1K users Top cast Edit Val Kilmer Mark Twain Director Val Kilmer Writer Val Kilmer Though not strictly a biography, it tracks Mary Baker Eddys career as a teacher and religious leader after her 1866 discovery of Christian Science. In the 24th edition of Science and Health, up to the 33rd edition, Eddy admitted the harmony between Vedanta philosophy and Christian Science. Eddys response to Butlers August 6 letter highlights her support for granting the rights of humanity to all black as well as white, men, women & children within the United States. Frank Podmore wrote: But she was never able to stay long in one family. (1983). [45][46] Despite Quimby not being especially religious, he embraced the religious connotations Eddy was bringing to his work, since he knew his more religious patients would appreciate it.[47]. "Spirit blessed the multiplication of Her own ideas," she writes, and "She names them all, from an atom to a world."1 Not only did Eddy give God a feminine name, she also implied that Her nature should be An electrical engineer and scientist who held 40 patents, dHumy was also author of several titles on other subjects, in addition to this concise and sympathetic biography. Mary Baker Eddy. Has not therefore, all proprietary relation ceased? The physician marveled; and the "horrible decree" of Predestination as John Calvin rightly called his own tenet forever lost its power over me. Biographers Ernest Sutherland Bates and Edwin Franden Dakin described Eddy as a morphine addict. [110], In 1882 Eddy publicly claimed that her last husband, Asa Gilbert Eddy, had died of "mental assassination". Mary Baker Eddy (1821-1910) was a spiritual pioneer. His study focuses heavily on Eddys early years and the turbulent events of her later years, with minimal emphasis on her development as a thinker and writer. [115] This gained notoriety in a case irreverently dubbed the "Second Salem Witch Trial". [41] From 1862 to 1865, Quimby and Eddy engaged in lengthy discussions about healing methods practiced by Quimby and others. The stated reason for the litigation was to enable Eddys sons to take control of her estate. That 1907 lawsuit was brought in Mary Baker Eddys name on behalf of her son, George W. Glover Jr. and Next Friends Mary Baker Glover (granddaughter) and George W. Baker (nephew). "[113] Kennedy clearly did believe in clairvoyance, mind reading, and absent mesmeric treatment; and after their split Eddy believed that Kennedy was using his mesmeric abilities to try to harm her and her movement. She praised his stance in the harboring of Black men, women, and children at Fort Monroe. He made extensive use of The Mother Churchs archives and focused on Eddys correspondence in particular to highlight how the discovery of Christian Science changed her life. An academic and biographer, Gill wrote this book from a feminist perspective, as part of the Radcliffe Biography Series focused on documenting and understanding the varied lives of women. She offers a fresh view of Mary Baker Eddys achievements, considering the obstacles that women faced in her time. This biography, first published by Scribners, was a commercial success. She wrote the book for young adult readers and included photographs by Gordon N. Converse, a longtime photographer for The Christian Science Monitor. [75] Eddy showed extensive familiarity with Spiritualist practice but denounced it in her Christian Science writings. [56][57], According to J. Gordon Melton: "Certainly Eddy shared some ideas with Quimby. Eddy had written in her autobiography in 1891 that she was 12 when this happened, and that she had discussed the idea of predestination with the pastor during the examination for her membership; this may have been an attempt to reflect the story of a 12-year-old Jesus in the Temple. A large gathering of people outside Mary Baker Eddys Pleasant View home, July 8, 1901. For in some early editions of Science and Health she had quoted from and commented favorably upon a few Hindu and Buddhist texts None of these references, however, was to remain a part of Science and Health as it finally stood Increasingly from the mid-1880s on, Mrs Eddy made a sharp distinction between Christian Science and Eastern religions. It is based on Mary Baker Eddys discoveries and what she afterwards named Christian Science. A short documentary about Mary Baker Eddy - the Discoverer and Founder of the Christian Science religion. The fever was gone and I rose and dressed myself in a normal condition of health. The expanded editions (Volumes I and II) appeared in 2011 and 2013, respectively. While Peels trilogy has proved an essential resource for biographers on Eddy, and is frequently cited, some have criticized it as too sympathetic toward its subject. [102], The opposite of Christian Science mental healing was the use of mental powers for destructive or selfish reasons for which Eddy used terms such as animal magnetism, hypnotism, or mesmerism interchangeably. While some abolitionists saw Butlers measures as dangerous, in labeling Black men and women as property in exchange for their freedom, and spoke out against his approach, Eddy supported his actions and his affirmation of their humanity. Eddy was named one of the "100 Most Significant Americans of All Time" in 2014 by Smithsonian Magazine,[5] and her book Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures was ranked as one of the "75 Books by Women Whose Words Have Changed the World" by the Women's National Book Association.[6]. Part 2 features the Mary Baker Historic House in Amesbury, Massachusetts, and Part 3 the house in North Groton, New Hampshire. One of particular significance was the 1901 assassination of William McKinley (1843-1901), the 25th . No longer under ownership of any kind, the fearful relicts of fugitive masters, have they not by their masters acts and the state of war assumed the condition, which we hold to be the normal one, of those made in Gods image? This self-published book is Smillies interpretation of Mary Baker Eddys place in biblical prophecy. "[90] In 1879 she and her students established the Church of Christ, Scientist, "to commemorate the word and works of our Master [Jesus], which should reinstate primitive Christianity and its lost element of healing. [116] Critics of Christian Science blamed fear of animal magnetism if a Christian Scientist committed suicide, which happened with Mary Tomlinson, the sister of Irving C. The Mary Baker Eddy Library is a research library, museum, and repository for the papers of Mary Baker Eddy, the founder of Christian Science. [76][third-party source needed] Historian Ann Braude wrote that there were similarities between Spiritualism and Christian Science, but the main difference was that Eddy came to believe, after she founded Christian Science, that spirit manifestations had never really had bodies to begin with, because matter is unreal and that all that really exists is spirit, before and after death. Initially portions of Springers book were serialized in Outlook and Independent magazine, from November 1929 to January 1930. The Healer was published by Healing Unlimited. [18], My father was taught to believe that my brain was too large for my body and so kept me much out of school, but I gained book-knowledge with far less labor than is usually requisite. Georgine Milmines 1907 work The Life of Mary Baker G. Eddy and the History of Christian Science had a strong influence on this biography. Mary Beecher Longyear, a Christian Scientist interested in collecting historical materials about Eddy, financed the books writing and publication; consequently Bancroft deposited those documents in the Zion Research Library, which Longyear and her husband founded (she also founded an eponymous museum). Published posthumously, this was the last book of Beasleys Christian Science trilogy (the other two were The Cross and the Crown [1952] and The Continuing Spirit [1956]). Mary Baker Eddy Gillian Gill 4.06 97 ratings18 reviews In 1866, a frail, impoverished invalid, middle-aged, widowed and divorced, rose from her bed after a life-threatening fall, asked for her Bible, and took the first steps toward the founding of the Christian Science Church. While it is not clear if Eddy agreed with the legal basis of Butlers reasoning, she clearly supported his conclusions that we all, hold freedom to be the normal condition of those made in Gods image.12, For more on this topic, read the From the Papers article Mary Baker Eddys support for emancipation.. By 2023 The Mary Baker Eddy Library. It is well to know, dear reader, that our material, mortal history is but the record of dreams, not of mans real existence, and the dream has no place in the Science of being (p. 21). Science And Health. It was here where she wrote and published the 1st edition of Science and Health.Longyear Museum is an independent historical museum dedicated to advancing the understanding of the life and work of Mary Baker Eddy, the Discoverer, Founder, and Leader of Christian Science.Learn more about the museum:https://www.longyear.org/Connect with us on social media:https://www.instagram.com/LongyearMuseum/https://www.facebook.com/LongyearMuseum/ This was the first biography published by The Christian Science Publishing Society that focused on Mary Baker Eddys childhood, youth, and adult life up to 1875, the year her book Science and Health was published. 1 of 5 stars 2 of 5 stars 3 of 5 stars 4 of 5 stars 5 of 5 stars. [134], In 1907, the New York World sponsored a lawsuit, known as "The Next Friends suit", which journalist Erwin Canham described as "designed to wrest from [Eddy] and her trusted officials all control of her church and its activities. Behind her Victorian-era velvet and lace dress was a 21st century power suit. The home is now used as the residence for the First Reader . He also recounts daily life and work as a member of Eddys household staff, including her final years in Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts. "Sacred Texts in the United States". Members of The First Church of Christ, Scientist consider Eddy the "discoverer" of Christian Science, and adherents are therefore known as Christian Scientists or students of Christian Science. [143], Eddy died of pneumonia on the evening of December 3, 1910, at her home at 400 Beacon Street, in the Chestnut Hill section of Newton, Massachusetts. [33] Eddy did not immediately go, instead trying the water cure at Dr. Vail's Hydropathic Institute, but her health deteriorated even further. Her mother's death was followed three weeks later by the death of her fianc, lawyer John Bartlett. Studdert Kennedy died in 1943, and the book was copyrighted and published in 1947 by Arthur Corey, a critic of The Mother Church who married Studdert Kennedys widow. On August 17, 1861, Eddy wrote to Butler, the Massachusetts lawyer serving as a Union Army General: "Permit me individually, and as a representative of thousands of my sex in your native State- to tender . 210 Massachusetts Avenue, Boston, MA 02115 | 617-450-7000 She published her work in 1875 in a book entitled Science and Health (years later retitled Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures) which she called the textbook of Christian Science, after several years of offering her healing method.

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